Metronidazole (Flagyl)
1. Category: Antibiotic
2. Mechanism of Action: Disrupts DNA and protein synthesis in susceptible organisms
3. Antidote for Reversal: n/a
4. Can this drug be administered to patient if pregnant, postpartum or lactating? Yes during the 2nd and 3rd trimester, can use in lactation when given in single dose regiment and nursing is interrupted for 24hrs after.
5. Specifically why would we give this medication to a patient during pregnancy, postpartum, or while during lactation?: to treat trichomoniasis
6. Side effects for mother and baby: dizziness, seizures, Steven-Johnson syndrome, abdominal pain, nausea
7. Medications to treat side effects: n/a
8. Contraindications: first trimester of pregnancy
9. Most Dangerous risk to mother and baby: Stevens Johnson Syndrome
10. Any specific conditions or situations that might increase the risk for drug toxicity or severe complications:
11. What assessment/s would you need to make before or after you gave this medication?: signs of infection, take a specimen culture, assess for signs of rash (could indicate Steven-Johnson Syndrome)
12. Client Teaching: Advise patient that oral formulations may turn the urine a reddish-brown color. Advise client to abstain from sex until treatment is completed, Advise client that sexual partner may be asymptomatic and could reinfect if not treated, instruct patient in correct technique for intravaginal instillation.
Rocephin (Ceftriaxone Sodium)
1. Category: Antibiotic (3rd Generation Cephalosporin)
2. Mechanism of Action: exhibits bactericidal activity by the inhibition of the bacterial wall synthesis
3. Antidote for Reversal: there is not specific antidote
4. Can this drug be administered to patient if pregnant, postpartum or lactating?: can be administered if pregnant, and postpartum if not breast feeding, the Ceftriaxone can pass into the breast milk.
5. Specifically why would we give this medication to a patient during pregnancy, postpartum, or while during lactation?: to combat infections
6. Side effects for mother and baby: induration and warmth at the injection site, diarrhea, Stevens-Johnson syndrome
7. Medications to treat side effects: n/a
8. Contraindications: Concurrent administration of calcium containing IV solutions including calcium containing infusions (i.e parenteral nutrition), hypersensitivity to cephalosporins, neonates are an
9. Most Dangerous risk to mother and baby: Stevens-Johnson syndrome
10. Any specific conditions or situations that might increase the risk for drug toxicity or severe complications: allergy to any particular drug increases the risk of acute hypersensitivity,
11. What assessment/s would you need to make before or after you gave this medication?: assess for signs of allergic reaction,
12. Client Teaching: teach to finish the prescription, report signs of allergies, increase fluids, caution with aspirin
Azithromycin
1. Category: Antibiotic (macrolide)
2. Mechanism of Action: Inhibits protein synthesis at the level of the 50S bacterial ribosome
3. Antidote for Reversal: n/a
4. Can this drug be administered to patient if pregnant, postpartum or lactating? No evidence of harm to fetus
5. Specifically why would we give this medication to a patient during pregnancy, postpartum, or while during lactation?: treatment of inflammations due to Chlamydia, Pelvic inflammatory disease
6. Side effects for mother and baby: hypersensitivity, secondary infection
7. Medications to treat side effects:
8. Contraindications: hypersensitivity, jaundice,
9. Most Dangerous risk to mother and baby: if allergic reaction occurs
10. Any specific conditions or situations that might increase the risk for drug toxicity or severe complications: n/a
11. What assessment/s would you need to make before or after you gave this medication?: vitals, bun/creatinine, electrolyes, blood levels)
12. Client Teaching: may cause drowsiness, do not take with food