RISK ASSESSMENT OF SUBSEA GAS PIPELINE
PT. PERUSAHAAN GAS NEGARA Tbk.

Ref: Figures are taken from various sources

DESIGN SUPPLY CHAIN MODEL
FOR DOMESTIC SMALL SCALE LNG
DISTRIBUTION
Prof. Ir, Soegiono FRINA
Prof. Dr. Ketut Buda Artana ST MSc
Dr. I Made Ariana, ST MT

RISK ASSESSMENT OF SUBSEA GAS PIPELINE
PT. PERUSAHAAN GAS NEGARA Tbk.
OUTLINES:
• LNG SUPPLY CHAIN
• CURRENT APPLICATION OF MINI LNG PLANT
• VARIABLES IN MINI LNG SCM
• SCM MODEL USING SPREADSHEET
• CONSIDERATION IN SELECTING LOCATION OF MINI LNG PLANT
• DESIGN FOR SAFETY OF MINI LNG TERMINAL
• WHAT ABOUT CNG (COMPRESSED NATURAL GAS)?

RISK ASSESSMENT OF SUBSEA GAS PIPELINE
PT. PERUSAHAAN GAS NEGARA Tbk.
LNG SUPPLY CHAIN

Gas platform p LNG Plant

Loading Terminal g LNG Carrier ReceivingTerminal g End User

Ref: Figures are taken from various sources

RISK ASSESSMENT OF SUBSEA GAS PIPELINE
PT. PERUSAHAAN GAS NEGARA Tbk.
Small Liquefaction and LNG Markets
•

•

Sources
• Pipeline Natural Gas
• Gas flare (increase  banned)
• Gas Resource Deployment
• Stranded natural gas resources pp y Fuels
• Opportunity
• Landfill gas
• Wastewater gas g gas g • Digester
• Coal bed methane
Uses
• LNG for Utilities and Industrials
• Peak shaving/standby for gas utilities & industrials
• Remote community natural gas service
• LNG for Vehicles
• Medium
M di and d heavy-duty h d t trucks t k and d bus b RISK ASSESSMENT OF SUBSEA GAS PIPELINE
PT. PERUSAHAAN GAS NEGARA Tbk.
Some issues in World LNG Market
•

3-5 TCF/year gas flared and tends to increase in coming years

•

Growing g environmental pressure p to reduce flaring g (fields
(
are usually in remote locations)

•

Gas re-injection does not maximize economic value

•

Increased demands to some pipeline inaccessible market

•

Issues on new form energy source (landfill, waste water, digester gas, etc)

•

Introduction to new refrigerant compositions and higher compression ratios leads to progressively lower energy needs and smaller equipment sizes

RISK ASSESSMENT OF SUBSEA GAS PIPELINE
PT. PERUSAHAAN GAS NEGARA Tbk.

Plant sizing
Plant Type
LNG fueling stations
Mini LNG

Capacity (MMSCFD)
0.5‐10
>1

LNG peakshaving; flare kh fl gas 5‐20

Small‐scale

1‐10

Medium‐scale
Medium
scale

10‐200
10
200

Small‐scale baseload

50‐250

Baseload plants
Ref: Tim Cornitius

300‐1,000

RISK ASSESSMENT OF SUBSEA GAS PIPELINE
PT. PERUSAHAAN GAS NEGARA Tbk.

CURRENT APPLICATION

RISK ASSESSMENT OF SUBSEA GAS PIPELINE
PT. PERUSAHAAN GAS NEGARA Tbk.

Ref: Figures are taken from various sources

RISK ASSESSMENT OF SUBSEA GAS PIPELINE
PT. PERUSAHAAN GAS NEGARA Tbk.

RISK ASSESSMENT OF SUBSEA GAS PIPELINE
PT. PERUSAHAAN GAS NEGARA Tbk.
Does Mini LNG concept suitable to Indonesia?

• Stranded g gas resources
• Marginal scatter demands
• Fluctuating g electricity y load
• Archipelagic country
• High Price of fuel (diesel oil or heavy fuel oil)
• Lack infrastructure of land based transportation • etc.

• No
N mini i i LNG plant l t
• No LNG rec. terminal
• Many Fuel based PP

RISK ASSESSMENT OF SUBSEA GAS PIPELINE
PT. PERUSAHAAN GAS NEGARA Tbk.

?
Ref: Figures are taken from various sources

RISK ASSESSMENT OF SUBSEA GAS PIPELINE
PT. PERUSAHAAN GAS NEGARA Tbk.

Variables in LNG SCM

RISK ASSESSMENT OF SUBSEA GAS PIPELINE
PT. PERUSAHAAN GAS NEGARA Tbk.
LNG Plant

• LNG Plant technology
• Feed Gas Composition
• BOG handling policy

• Feed gas rate
• LNG Pump rate
• Plant area req.

• Train Capacity
• Capacity of @tank
• Number of train
• LNG Pump rate
• Number of Storage tank • Power Consumption

RISK ASSESSMENT OF SUBSEA GAS PIPELINE
PT. PERUSAHAAN GAS NEGARA Tbk.
LNG vessel berthing facility

Offshore berthing facility • Water depth
• dimension of OBF
• Loading arm spec.

• LNG Loading system
• Vessel BOG