M U L V E Y
As a feminist film theorist, Lara Mulvey is well known for her nearly infamous essay entitled "Visual Pleasure in the Narrative Cinema" (full text can be found here). The essay outlines an idea about the "male gaze" in which men have the power to actively look upon passive female bodies. Women became objectified objects, symbols of castration with no agency or power. Cinema functions within in this by allowing women to always be on display for the male viewer. Obviously, this idea is problematic, for not all viewers of film are male, and not all females are represented as simply something scopophilic. Still, Mulvey's idea about the male gaze has some validity to it, which we find in Hitchcock's films.
In her essay, Mulvey focuses largely on Hithcock's Rear Window, and understandably so. Rear Window is so involved with the idea of the gaze, that it is essentially a film about the gaze. Mulvey argues that female main character, Lisa Fremont, is constantly asked to be looked at through Hitchcocks close-ups and choice of costumes. While this may be true, for she is often shown in flattering soft light, what is more interesting about Rear Window and Mulvey�s discussion of it is the voyeuristic gaze of Jefferies. In the film, Jefferies is confined to his wheelchair, due to a broken leg acquired from some dangerous photography assignment, and in order to relieve his boredom, he begins to watch his neighbors through his window. Ultimately, Jefferies is given a voyeuristic power that aids in the arresting of a murderer. One of the most powerful tools used by Hitchcock is subjective camerawork. In order for us to understand that Jefferies is the one viewing, Hitchcock first gives us a shot like this:

Followed by a shot of what Jeffries is looking at, like this:

Because of shots like this, the viewer is placed into Jeffries' subjective perception, which in turn would technically allow us to see Lisa like Jeffries does, which becomes problematic. While Hitchcock does put Lisa on display, Jeffries is not interested at the beginning of the film, and if we are situated in his perception, then we should not want to see her as an object of desire. The solution to this problem can be found in the theory of fantasy and desire, which I discuss in depth on the other theories page.
In Vertigo,, Hitchcock practically begs you to look at the female lead as an object of beauty. In the first scene that we see Madeline, we first see Scottie looking out into the restaurant, followed by a shot of Madeline and Gavin walking towards Scottie, to exit the restaurant. Again, we have an example of Hitchcock's subjective camerawork, so that we are placed into Scottie�s