The article examine the role of water harvesting in sub-Saharan Africa which is a arid region. It begins by discussing the states of agriculture in sub saharan Africa which facing the challenge of low yield in rained agriculture and sustainable of water. The main ideas expressed are water harvesting can reduce the risk of water problem and improve yield. It prove water harvesting is a key technology for overcoming the challenges. Since it results in higher productivity, can sustain ecosystem in agricultural landscape perhaps help to build resilience and intensify sustainable agriculture development in arid region.
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The author recommend that using water harvesting system as one strategy for sustainable intensification of agriculture system while need to be evaluated at a large scale from upstream downstream trade off and contributions to social - ecological resilience . Therefore, while the article is useful for analysis the effectiveness of water harvesting. The article help to support my thesis since I believe that water harvesting is a sustainable way to solve the water problem, it can fulfill environmental, economic and efficiency concern at the same time.
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2. Helmrich (2009) Rainwater Harvesting
The aims of article are examining the opportunities and potential of water harvesting system. The main topics it covers are a overview of water harvesting system , required techniques, quality of harvested water and treatment methods.
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The main findings were that it is essential that local materials and manpower is to be used to spot catchment areas and build up harvesting system, and most of the harvested water can be stored underground to protect it from evaporation. However, the article also figure out harvested water might be polluted by bacteria and hazardous chemicals, but slow sand filtration and solar technology are method to reduce the risk and membrane technology would be also a potential technique for a safe drinking water supply. The article help to criticize the quality of rainwater harvesting and its feasibility.
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3. Van de Bruggen (2001), Global Water Recycling, Sustainability Science and
Engineering ,volume 2,1871-2711
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The article evaluate the principle of water recycling project by case studies in some developed and developing countries. It begins at introducing water recycling method and situation of con trues which are promoting water recycling. The main conclusions are that the principle of treating wastewater as a valuable source becomes increasingly accepted, and none of these projects adverse health effects were obtained. The technologies for producing clean water from wastewater are effective way, but the concern is that not everyone is convinced. On the other hand, developed places are more possible to implement water recycling than that in developing countries. This is because infrastructure and finical aspect.
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It is a strong source since it is supported by several case studies which include European and Asian countries. This article help to the availability of water recycling system in both developed and developing countries and it helps on my position
