Introduction to Management

Definition of Management:

Management is the process of designing and maintaining an environment in which individuals, working together in groups, accomplish efficiently selected aims. This basic definition needs to be expanded:

1. As managers, people carry out the managerial functions of planning, organizing, staffing, leading, and controlling. 2. Management applies to any kind of organization. 3. It applies to managers at all organizational levels. 4. The aim of all managers is the same: to create a surplus. 5. Managing is concerned with productivity; that implies effectiveness and efficiency.

1. Functions of Management:

Planning

Predetermining a course of action for accomplishing organizational objectives

Organizing
Arranging the relationships among work units for accomplishment of objectives and the granting of responsibility and authority to obtain those objectives

Staffing
Selecting and training people for positions in the organization

Directing
(Leading)
Creating an atmosphere that will assist and motivate people to achieve desired end results

Controlling
Establishing, measuring, and evaluating performance of activities toward planned objectives

2. Management applies to any type of organization:

Government agencies
Businesses
Non-profit organizations
Hospitals
Universities

Offering:
Products and/or Services

3. Applies to managers at all organizational levels.

All managers carry out managerial functions

Despite different departments and different tasks involved for each department or organization

Depending on management level,