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TOPIC
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OUTLINE
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PURPOSE
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ABSTRACT
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INTRODUCTION
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THEORY OF PERMEABILITY
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PROCESSING TECHNIQUE
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APPLICATIONS
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DISCUSSIONS
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CONCLUSION
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REFERENCES
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OUTLINE
TOPIC: Additives for the preparation of permeable membrane with reduced pinhole and better sealing properties: doped with copper and silver and aluminum.
ABSTRACT: Pinholes are the measure problem in the permeable membrane produced from palladium, Platinum and doped with copper and silver. The copper gets contaminant with sulphur if present in the system and catalytic activity is hindered and overall efficiency of the PM is reduced. While in case of silver it gets oxidized with oxygen. Aluminum is a better option but has the problem that its working temperature is limited to 3000 C. to understand this problem a study has to be conducted and a formulation for solution to the problem is to be determined.
INTRODUCTION: It has been interesting that the PEM is gaining importance in the field of energy source and been highest point of research. The importance is given now to commercialize it and start bulk uses. The hindrances in the process of commercialization have to be addressed and resolved. Efforts are being done to study the problem and to resolve them so that the technology can further gain popularity.
MATERIAL: In the research material required will be literature on the permeable membrane manufacturing, base for permeable membrane and permeable membrane with the PEM cell for testing the final product. Permeable membrane with palladium doped with copper and silver
MATERIAL PROPERTIES: Palladium and platinum Permeable membrane with varying concentration of doped with copper and of silver so that pinholes variation can be tested with different concentration of copper and silver and aluminum.
PROCEDURE: Different membranes are produced with the variation of copper, silver and aluminum concentration and a study on the pinhole is to be conducted that with the variation of doped material concentration what is the maximum limit can be achieved.
APPLICATIONS: membrane material with copper, silver and aluminum will reduce the cost of palladium and platinum membrane and will improve the commercial viability of the PEM.
ANALYSIS: analysis of the produced films for the permeability and pinholes to be carried out with the determination of concentration of contaminant metal in palladium and platinum.
CONCLUSION: Material produced and analysis of the produced membrane will provide vital information about doped metal and their permeability and pinholes formed.

ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING

PURPOSE
Additives for the preparation of permeable membrane with reduced pinhole and better sealing properties: doped with copper and silver and aluminum (J Arps, 2006). Purpose of this report is to analyze material requirements in a specific design and to compare the behavior of candidate materials. The report should include the basis for selection in terms of the design, the selection criteria, comparison between materials behavior, and specification of the material for purchase (J Arps, 2006)

ABSTRACT
The PEM cell is developing as important resource for cleaner energy and their popularity is increasing to become replacement to the fossil fuel. The area of research in the field is its cost reduction, finding out alternative for costly permeable membrane are of prim importance (J Arps, 2006). These factors are been addressed by several patents and research papers but still need more efforts to resolve these issues (J Arps, 2006). The problem faced by the permeable membrane is, pinhole developed in the thinner membrane, welding or brazing joints facing leakage problem, life of the doped catalyst are the main points has been considered (J Arps, 2006).

INTRODUCTION
A membrane capable to permeate hydrogen, a smallest molecule but it should reject other gases and should have high permeation rate for