Level 3 Diploma Health and Social Care settings (QCF)
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HSC 024 Principles of Safeguarding and Protection in Health and Social Care
1 .1

Define the following types of abuse:
 Physical abuse: Causing physical harm to an individual for example by hitting, burning, biting, throwing, suffocating, force feeding or any other cause of physical harm.

 Sexual abuse: Is any sort of non-consensual sexual contact.

Emotional/psychological abuse: Verbally abusing and swearing, threatening or invoking fear in an individual, devaluing self esteem causing feelings of worthlessness, bullying and exploitation.

 Financial abuse: Theft of either property or money, denying an individual access to their finances, mismanagement or misappropriation of an individual’s finances.
Signs and symptoms of financial abuse include the unexplained loss or lack of property such as televisions, grooming items or appropriate clothing that the individual should be able to afford.

 Institutional abuse: The misuse of authority, power or information by staff over a vulnerable individual in health and social care settings. Usually caused when the individuals lifestyles are sacrificed in favour of the routines and/or restrictive practices of the home. This can include denying privacy, physical restraint, inappropriate use of medication, bullying or humiliation or not adhering to professional boundaries.

 Self neglect: An individual using self neglectful or self harming behaviours including neglecting toilet needs, personal hygiene, causing bodily harm by cutting etc. and refusing to eat or drink.

Signs and symptoms include living in dirty conditions, not interested in their appearance or attending to personal hygiene, not seeking medical help, not taking medication resulting in relapse. Weight loss and evidence of self mutilation.

 Neglect by others: Not attending to the individual’s basic needs, this would include negligent behaviours in personal care, feeding, washing and toileting.

1.2
Identify the signs and/or symptoms associated with each type of abuse
 Physical abuse: Signs and symptoms include Fractures, bruises, sprains or dislocations. Lacerations or burns including friction burns and scolds. Unexplained hair loss, significant weight loss, cowering or flinching. Feeling low, in pain or angry.

 Sexual abuse: , bruising, especially in well protected covered areas. being withdrawn and fearful, disturbed sleep patterns, inappropriate dressing, genital infections, bruising around breasts or genitals, unexplained vaginal or anal bleeding, torn or stained underwear.

Emotional/psychological abuse: the individual may become fearful, withdrawn, anxious, having low self esteem or self-confidence, being agitated, shouting and screaming. Behaviours such as rocking, hair twisting and self mutilation.

 Financial abuse: Signs and symptoms of financial abuse include unexplained loss or disappearance of property such as televisions, personal items or appropriate clothing that the individual should ordinarily be able to afford. Others are unexplained large withdrawals of money either by the individual or someone accompanying the individual. A sudden unexplained transfer of assets to a family member or someone outside the family. Ineligible or unrecognisable signatures on cheques. This could result in the individual feeling fearful, anxious, embarrassed or demeaned.

 Institutional abuse: staff may be entering an individual’s room without knocking, lack of individual care plans, no flexibility in bed and waking times or eating times. These can further lead to loss of self-esteem and self-confidence resulting in unnecessary docile behaviour.

 Self neglect: Signs and symptoms include living in dirty conditions, not interested in their appearance or attending to personal hygiene, not seeking medical help, not