36 Age and the Rate of Foreign Language Learning
Bialystok, E. (1994) Representation and ways of knowing: Three issues in second language acquisition. In N. Ellis (ed.) Implicit and Explicit Learning of Languages (pp. 549–569). San Diego, CA: Academic Press. Bialystok, E. (1997) The structure of age:
In search of barriers to second language acquisition. Second Language Research 13 (2), 116–137. Bialystok, E. and Hakuta, K. (1999) Confounded age: Linguistic and cognitive factors in age differences for second language acquisition. In D. Birdsong (ed.) Second Language Acquisition and the
Critical Period Hypothesis (pp. 161–181). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Birdsong, D. (1992) Ultimate attainment in second language acquisition. Language 68,
706–755. Birdsong, D. (1999) Introduction: Whys and why nots of the critical period hypoth esis for second language acquisition. In D. Birdsong (ed.) Second Language Acquisition and the Critical Period Hypothesis (pp. 1–22). Mahwah, NJ:
Erlbaum. Birdsong, D. (2005) Interpreting age effects in second language acquisition. In J. Kroll and A. de Groot (eds)
Handbook of Bilingualism: Psycholinguistic Perspectives (pp. 109–127). Oxford: Oxford University Press. Birdsong, D. and
Molis, M. (2001) On the evidence for maturational constraints on secondlanguage acquisition. Journal of Memory and Language 44, 235–249. BleyVroman, R. (1989) What is the logical problem of foreign language learning? In S. Gass and J. Schachter (eds) Linguistic Perspectives on Second Language Acquisition
(pp. 41–68) Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Bongaerts, T. (1999) Ultimate attainment in L2 pronunciation: The case of very advanced late L2 learners. In D. Birdsong (ed.) Second Language Acquisition and the Critical Period Hypothesis (pp.
133–159). Mahwah, NJ: Erlbaum. Bongaerts, T., Van Summeren, C., Planken, B. and Schils, E. (1997) Age and ulti mate attainment in the pronunciation of a foreign language. Studies in Second Language Learning 19, 447–465. Broeder, P., Extra, G. and van Hout, R. (1993) Richness and variety in the develop ing lexicon. In C. Perdue (ed.) Adult Language Acquisition: Field
Methods (pp. 145–163). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Burstall, C. (1975) Primary French in the balance.