distressed freedmen (freed slaves) in 1865–1872 The 13th Amendment: passed by the Congress on January 31, 1865, and ratified by the states on December 6, 1865. The 14th Amendment: adopted on July 9, 1868, one of the Reconstruction Amendments, addresses citizenship rights and equal protection of the laws The 15th Amendment: ratified on February 3, 1870, right to vote, the third and last of the Reconstruction Amendments. The Black Codes: 1865 and 1866, restricting Black people's freedom, low wages or debt…
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