In general the boiling point of a molecule increases as the length of the carbon chain increases, this is due to the fact that there are now more atoms within the molecule and therefore more intermolecular forces to be overcome (Unknown: 2014). Intermolecular forces are forces that act between atoms in a molecule or molecules themselves (Hydrocarbon boiling points: 2014). The more carbon atoms the heavier the entire molecule becomes, this means that more energy is required to make the phase change (Unknown: 2014). A phase change can be chemical or physical. A physical change is simply a rearrangement of the molecules that does not affect their internal structure, where as a chemical change is any change that results in the formation of a new chemical substance, which means that it is either that making or breaking of bonds (Frostburg: 2014). As the length of the carbon chain increases so the molecules become tangled, much like spaghetti. Much more energy is needed to separate molecules when they are like this rather than just in a short chain which have much weaker forces (Everything science: 2014).
4. Indication of Intermolecular Forces
There are three different types of intermolecular forces. Namely: hydrogen bonds, dipole-induced dipole forces and London dispersion forces.
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In order to get any substance in its pure form one has to follow certain processes of purification. Such techniques which improve the quality of material are called separation techniques. There are many methods and techniques by which isolation, extraction and purification can be done, depending on the nature of the substance. Broadly they can be classified as physical separation techniques and chemical separation