I. Formal definition A. Behavior (overt vs. covert) B. Empiricism

II. History of Psychology A. Ebbinghaus said "Psychology has a long past but only a short history" What does this mean? Be able to recognize examples of the long past B. The short history 1. Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920) -- The father of psychology a. 1st experimental psychological laboratory in 1876 b. Observed and carefully measured various stimuli (e.g., light, sound, weight) and then used introspection to probe his reactions. 2. William James (1842-1910) a. Philosopher/psychologist b. Brother of writer Henry James c. Wrote Principles of Psychology ("The James"), which for many years was the standard psychology text in England, France, Germany, and the U.S. It is still in print today. d. Two years later, published a 478 pg. abridgment called "The Jimmy" e. A superb lecturer known for striking metaphors and lively presentations and one of the first professors to allow students to ask questions. 3. Structuralism -- The study of the structure (i.e., the building blocks) of mental life: For example, structuralists studied time perception by having subjects judge and estimate time intervals a. Wundt b. Edward Titchener -- Wundt's student, who came to the U.S. and set up a psychological laboratory at Cornell, which modeled Wundt's experimental method. c. Dominated American psychology for 2 decades, but there really are no structuralists today. 4. Functionalism -- The study of the functions of the mind and the adaptive value of consciousness a. William James b. G. Stanley Hall 1. Founded the American Psychological Association in 1892 2. One of the first developmental psychologists 3. Tried to establish the contents of children's minds 5. Psychodynamic Psychology -- Sigmund Freud a. Behavior is influenced by unconscious thoughts, impulses, and desires, which cannot be known directly. b. Interpreted dreams, which reflect unconscious desires c. Developed a theory of personality development, which includes the Oedipal Complex 6. Behaviorism -- The study of overt,