Wednesday, March 25, 2015

Human Rights Law Presentation
"ILO." What Is Child Labour. N.p., n.d. Web. 30 Mar. 2015. 

<http://www.ilo.org/ipec/facts/lang--en/index.htm>

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Child labour refers to work that is
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mentally, physically, socially or morally dangerous and harmful to children

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interferes with schooling by depriving their attendance, leaving school prematurely, combining school with excessively long & heavy work

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Most extreme conditions involve enslaving children, separating from families & exposure to hazardous materials

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“child labour” depends on

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child age

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type of hours of work performed

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conditions under which performed

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objectives pursued by individual countries

Convention of the Rights of the Child defines civil, cultural, economic, political and social rights of anyone below the age of 18
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194 countries signed but Somalia, South Sudan and the United States (unratified)

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Section 182 highlights the worst form of child labour

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slavery, trafficking, debt bondage & armed conflict

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prostitution, pornography or for pornographic performances

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children involved in illicit activities, production and trafficking of drugs

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work that will harm the health, safety or morals of children

Section 138 highlights minimum age for employment
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hazardous work - 18

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basic minimum age - 15 or 14 (in developing countries)
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age for finishing compulsory schooling

light work: 13 - 15 or 12 - 14 (in developing countries)

even if not ratified, member states have obligation to respect, to promote and to realize the principles concerning such fundamental rights

Wednesday, March 25, 2015
"World Day Against Child Labour: Top Five Countries with High Rates of Child Exploitation."
International Business Times RSS. N.p., 12 June 2014. Web. 01 Apr. 2015. 

<http://www.ibtimes.co.uk/world-day-against-child-labour-top-five-countries-high-rates-child-exploitation-1452440>.

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12 million child workers in Pakistan

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7.4 million children in Bangladesh

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14 - 16.4 million child workers in India

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4.7 million children work in Congo

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In Mali 54% of children work

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186 million in labour

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down from 171 million in 2000

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agencies like ILO, UNICEF, Save the Children and Lebanese Ministry of Labour have all launched agents in countries prone to child labour to find and eliminate at the source

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Asia and the Pacific still has the largest numbers (almost 78 million or 9.3% of child population)

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Agriculture remains by far the most important sector where child labourers can be found
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many children need to support family

Child labour among girls fell by 40% since 2000, compared to 25% for boys.

"Resources for Speakers, Global Issues, Africa, Ageing, Agriculture, Aids, Atomic Energy, Children,
Climate Change, Culture, Decolonization, Demining, Development, Disabilities, Disarmament,
Environment, Food, Governance, Humanitarian, Refugees, Women." UN News Center. UN, n.d.
Web. 01 Apr. 2015. 

<http://www.un.org/en/globalissues/briefingpapers/childlabour/>.

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Barriers to education
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education is not free, not available, quality is poor and parents diminish its value

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parent mentality “people go to school for jobs, why would you do that when you can get a job now”

Culture and tradition
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cultural norm is most productive use of child’s time

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follow parents foot steps and “help” other members of the family

Market demand
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children are cheaper