Chapter 1 Introduction: Matter and Measurement

1) In the following list, only __________ is not an example of matter.
A) planets
C) dust
E) table salt
B) light
D) elemental phosphorus
2) What is the physical state in which matter has no specific shape but does have a specific volume? A) gas
C) liquid
E) ice
B) solid
D) salts
3) The law of constant composition applies to __________.
A) solutions
D) homogeneous mixtures
B) heterogeneous mixtures
E) solids
C) compounds
4) A combination of sand, salt, and water is an example of a __________.
A) homogeneous mixture
C) compound
E) solid
B) heterogeneous mixture
D) pure substance
5) A small amount of salt dissolved in water is an example of a __________.
A) homogeneous mixture
D) pure substance
B) heterogeneous mixture
E) solid
C) compound
6) Which one of the following has the element name and symbol correctly matched?
A) P, potassium
D) Ag, silver
B) C, copper
E) Sn, silicon
C) Mg, manganese
7) Which one of the following elements has a symbol that is not derived from its foreign name?
A) tin
C) mercury
E) lead
B) aluminum
D) copper
8) Which one of the following is often easily separated into its components by simple techniques such as filtering or decanting?
A) heterogeneous mixture
C) homogeneous mixture
E) solutions
B) compounds
D) elements
9) For which of the following can the composition vary?
A) pure substance
D) homogeneous mixture
B) element
E) heterogeneous mixture
C) both homogeneous and heterogeneous mixtures

10) An element cannot __________.
A) be part of a heterogeneous mixture
B) be part of a homogeneous mixture
C) be separated into other substances by chemical means
D) interact with other elements to form compounds
E) be a pure substance
11) Homogeneous mixtures are also known as __________.
A) solids
C) elements
E) solutions
B) compounds
D) substances

12) Which of the following is an illustration of the law of constant composition?
A) Water boils at 100°C at 1 atm pressure.
B) Water is 11% hydrogen and 89% oxygen by mass.
C) Water can be separated into other substances by a chemical process.
D) Water and salt have different boiling points.
E) Water is a compound.
13) In the following list, only __________ is not an example of a chemical reaction.
A) dissolution of a penny in nitric acid
B) the condensation of water vapor
C) a burning candle
D) the formation of polyethylene from ethylene
E) the rusting of iron
14) Gases and liquids share the property of __________.
A) compressibility
C) incompressibility
B) definite volume
D) indefinite shape

E) definite shape

15) Which of the following are chemical processes?
1. rusting of a nail
3. decomposition of water into hydrogen and oxygen gases
2. freezing of water
4. compression of oxygen gas
A) 2, 3, 4
C) 1, 3
E) 1, 4
B) 1, 3, 4
D) 1, 2
16) Of the following, __________ is the smallest mass.
A) 25 kg
C) 2.5 × 1015 pg
B) 2.5 × 10-2 mg
D) 2.5 × 109 fg
17) Which one of the following is the highest temperature?
A) 38 °C
D) none of the above
B) 96 °F
E) the freezing point of water
C) 302 K

E) 2.5 × 1010 ng

18) Which one of the following is true about the liter?
A) It is the SI base unit for volume.
D) It contains 106 cubic centimeters.
B) It is equivalent to a cubic decimeter.
E) It is slightly smaller than a gallon.
C) It is slightly smaller than a quart.
19) Of the objects below, __________ is the most dense.
A) an object with a volume of 2.5 L and a mass of 12.5 kg
B) an object with a volume of 139 mL and a mass of 93 g
C) an object with a volume of 0.00212 m3 and a mass of 4.22 × 104 mg
D) an object with a volume of 3.91 × 10-24 nm3 and a mass of 7.93 × 10-1 ng
E) an object with a volume of 13 dm3 and a mass of 1.29 × 103 g
20) Which calculation clearly shows a conversion between temperatures in degrees Celsius, t(°C), and temperature in Kelvins, T(K)?
A) T(K) = t(°C) + 273.15
D) T(K) = [t(°C) + 32] × 1.8
B) T(K) = 273.15 - t(°C)
E) T(K) = t(°C)
C) T(K) = [t(°C) - 32] / 1.8
21) Express the temperature, 422.35 K, in