5: Chronic Illness
Chronic Disease Prevention
Primary
changes pt.’s perceptions of health lifestyle changes such as diet, exercise, &
Secondary
early detection physical exams, colonoscopies, breast exams, etc.
Nursing Management
Common problems facing elderly in acute setting
Depression
Skin integrity
Sleep
Restraints
SPICES
SCALES

11: Palliative & End of Life
Poly-Pharmacy
Different doctors & different medications
Advise to keep a list of medications
Elder Abuse
Doing or failing to do something resulting in harm of elderly pt.
Types of elder abuse
Physical
Multiple fractures
Physiological
Verbal abuse
Sexual
STDs
Financial
Power of attorney
Medical
no improvement in condition sleepiness/grogginess Stages of Grieving
Kubler-Ross (main)
Denial
Anger/bargaining
Depression
Acceptance
Rando
Avoidance
Confrontation
Accommodation
Martocchio

16: Cancer - abnormal growth of cells
7 warning signs of cancer bowel/bladder habits sore that doesn’t heal unusual bleeding/discharge thickening lump indigestion/difficulty swallowing wart/mole nagging cough/hoarseness
Grading of Cancers
TNM: tumor size, node involvement, & metastasis
Grade I, II, III, IV
Tumor markers - protein substances in blood/body fluid released by the tumor or the body’s defense system
Hormones
Isoenzymes
Tissue-specific protein
Neoplasm - abnormal growth of cancerous tissues
Benign
Slow-growing
Localized
Encapsulized
Malignant
Aggressive
Destroys surrounding tissues
Skin Cancer Assessment
Asymmetry
Border irregularity
Color changes
Diameter of 6mm