Manga and anime only appeared on the agenda of public problems at the end of the 1980’s, when French television system was deregulated and the major channel privatized (1987): numerous articles, talk-shows, special television reports, commentaries, books…, were produced about the “manga phenomenon”, the “mangamania”, especially between 1993 and 1997. 3 John Fiske, “The Cultural Economy of Fandom”, in The Adoring Audience, Ed. Lisa Lewis, New York, Routledge, 1992, p.30 2 Manga appeared then…
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