1. List the two domains that contain prokaryotic cells. (2 points)
a. archaea
b. bacteria
2. List two beneficial uses of bacteria. (2 points)
a. Genetic investigation
b. Carrier for transferring of genes
3. List two human diseases caused by bacteria. (2 points)
a. Staph infection
b. Strep infection
4. What is the purpose of fixing the smear? (4 points)
Your specimen must be properly applied in order to get a useable visual.
5. Describe the two methods of fixing a smear. (4 points)
a. Chemicals such as acetone.
b. A short duration of heat.
6. Describe an advantage of viewing an unstained specimen. (4 points)
You are able to see more natural characteristics of the living specimen.
7. List three stains that are used in simple staining procedures. (6 points)
a. Primary stain
b. Acid-fast stain
c. Gram stain
8. When are negative stains used? (4 points)
You can use negative stains when you are unable to use heat fixing on an organism.
9. How many stains are used in differential staining procedures? (5 points)
There are only two,counterstain and primary.
10. Your laboratory partner accidentally used distilled water to decolorize your specimen instead of alcohol during the Gram-staining technique. (6 points)
a. What is the color of your Gram negative bacterium after the staining procedure is complete? Purple
b. What is the color of your Gram positive bacterium after the staining procedure is complete? Purple
11. What is the name for the staining procedure seen below? Note: be specific. (4 points)
Kinyuon Acid fast stain

12. Why should Gram stain not be used to stain acid-fast organisms? (5 points)
The acid-fast organisms are high in myolic acid and the gram stain is not able to work properly because of the high acidity.
13. List two acid-fast organisms and the respective diseases they cause. (4 points)
a. TB
b. Leprosy
14. What is the morphology (shape) of the following bacteria? (5 points)
Sprial

15. Name five common arrangements of cocci. (5 points)
Tetrad,Staphylocuccus,Streptocuccus,Diplocuccus,Sarcina
16. Name two common arrangements of bacilli. (3 points)
Diplobacillus,Steptobacillus