The industrial revolution according to Neil Tonge in his historical account ‘challenging history- industrialization and society 1700 – 1914,’ can be classified as a change in industrial technology, organization of labourers, transport, and finance and business operation. In ‘A history of the western society, fourth edition,’ referred to it as the total change from agrarian society to a mechanized or complex society. The impact of the revolution on England and the entire Atlantic world was immense. This essay seeks to discuss various effects of the revolution on all aspects of development in the countries involved.
Trade was influential to the industrial process. Neil Tonge described it as the wealth of the world. It makes the difference
Africa was also seen as a part of the ready market for European goods. This was a continuation of European imperialism in Africa and their ideology that white men were superior in race than the black.
One Englishman said, "There are 40 million naked people [in Africa], and the cotton spinners of Manchester are waiting to clothe them." Colonies provided Europe's factories with new markets for manufactured goods, and cheap raw materials to feed Europe's machines. They therefore imposed their goods on Africa with the aim of tem receiving the profit.
The creation of new industries provided employment and proved to be a boost to the economy. This was the case in Europe as well as in America. The result was the massive redistribution of pay. The pay was low in most cases but was more than most employers ever received. This caused further migration to industrialized areas.
There were inventions and technological advancements that made the industrial process possible. This included the Bessemer iron production process, the telephone etc... This facilitated the development of industry and made good cheaper to consumers.
There was a rise in labour unions. This was a direct response to the poor state of the employer employee relations in the factory setting. Workers were generally made to work in small cramped conditions and work for long hours. This was a general feature of industrialization. Labour unions such as the knight