AP U.S. History
Unit 3, 1754 – 1800, Creating a New Nation, Chapters 5 – 10, pp. 88 – 223

Key People, Places, Concepts and Events

British imperial attempts to reassert control over its colonies and the colonial reaction to these attempts produced a new American republic, along with struggles over the new nation’s social, political, and economic identity.

Ch.5, pp. 88 ­ 108,
Colonial Society on the Eve of Revolution, 1700 – 1775
I.
Identify and state the historical significance of the following:

1. Jonathan Edwards­ Johnathan Edwards, an American theologian and Congregational clergyman, whose sermons stirred the religious revival, called the Great Awakening. He is known for his Sinners in the Hands of an Angry God sermon.
2. Benjamin Franklin­born January 17, 1706 in Boston Massachusetts. Franklin taught himself math, history, science, English, and five other languages. He owned a successful printing and publishing company in Philadelphia. He conducted studies of electricity, invented bifocal glasses, the lighting rod, and the stove. He was a important diplomat and statesman and eventually signed the Declaration of Independence and the
Constitution of the United States.
3. Michel­Guillaum de Crevecoeur­French settler on America in the 1770s, he posed the question of what American is after seeing people in America like he had never seen before. American really became a mixture of many nationalities.
4. George Whitefield­Whitefield came into the picture in 1738 during the Great
Awakening, which was a religious revival that spread through all of the colonies. He was a great preacher who had recently been an alehouse attendant. Everyone in the colonies loved to hear him preach of love and forgiveness because he had a different style of preaching. This led to new missionary work in the Americas in converting
Indians and Africans to Christianity, as well as lessening the importance of the old clergy. 5. John Peter Zenger­He was a newspaper printer. His newspaper had assailed the corrupt royal government. Fought against the government saying he was speaking the truth.
Showed freedom of the press.
6. Phillis Wheatley­Born around 1753, Wheatley was a slave girl who became a poet. At age eight, she was brought to Boston. Although she had no formal education, Wheatley was taken to England at age twenty and published a book of poetry. Wheatley died in
1784.
7. John S. Copley­a famous Revolutionary era painter, Copley had to travel to England to finish his study of the arts. Only in the Old World could Copley find subjects with the leisure time required to be painted, and the money needed to pay him for it. Although he was an American citizen, he was loyal to England during The Revolution.
8. Charles Wilson Peale­(1741­1827) American painter who painted the earliest know portrait of George Washington (1772). He was also a naturalist and an inventor.

9. Benjamin West­(1738­1820) U.S. painter. The first American to study art in Italy
(1760­63), he settled in England where he quickly became a renowned artist. The Death of General Wolfe is one of his pieces.
10. Jacobus Arminius­Dutch Protestant theologian who founded Arminianism which opposed the absolute predestinarianism of John Calvin (1559­1609)
11. Andrew Hamilton­a former indentured servant who defended John Peter Zenger at his trial. 12. John Trumbull­American painter of historical scenes (1756­1843) II.

Describe and state the historical significance of the following:
13. Paxton Boys ­ they were a group of Scott's – Irish men living in the appellation hills that want to

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protection from Indian attacks (similar to Nathaniel Bacon of 1676) they made an armed March on
Philadelphia in 1764. They protested the lenient way that the Quakers treated the Indians. Their ideas started the regulator movement in North Carolina
Great Awakening ­ 1730s and 1740s ­