How to Cite Something You Found on a Website in APA Style: What to Do When Information Is Missing
Reference template
What’s missing?

Solution

Position A

Position B

Position C

Position D
Retrieved from http://URL Nothing; I’ve got all the pieces n/a

Author, A.

(date).

Title of document [Format].

Author is missing

Substitute title for the author

Title of document
[Format].

(date).

Retrieved from http://URL

Date is missing

Use “n.d.” for no date Author, A.

(n.d.).

Title of document [Format].

Retrieved from http://URL Title is missing

Describe the document inside square brackets

Author, A.

(date).

[Description of document].

Retrieved from http://URL Author and date are both missing Combine author and date methods

Title of document
[Format].

(n.d.).

Retrieved from http://URL

Author and title are both missing Combine author and title methods

[Description of document]. (date).

Retrieved from http://URL

Date and title are both missing Combine date and title methods

Author, A.

(n.d.).

[Description of document].

[Description of document]. (n.d.).

Retrieved from http://URL

Author, date, and title are Combine all three all missing methods Retrieved from http://URL Note. The basic reference template is made up of four pieces: author, date, title (with format in brackets if necessary), and source (the
URL). When one or more of these pieces is missing, use the method shown above to adapt the template. In-text citations use the pieces
from