1. The following strategies were developed by faculty consultants to help you on exam day:
2. Before beginning to solve the free-response questions, it is a good idea to read them all to determine which ones you feel most prepared to answer. You can then proceed to solve the questions in a sequence that will allow you to perform your best.
3. In the exam booklet there is an insert that contains the same questions without the blank answer spaces. This can be removed from the booklet and used for reference. No credit is given for anything written on the insert; be sure to write your answers and do all your work for each problem in the pages provided in the answer booklet.
4. Show all your work; partial credit is given for partial solutions to problems. If the answer is not correct, you are not likely to receive credit for correct thinking if the person scoring the examination does not see evidence of this process on paper. If you do work that you think is incorrect, simply put an "X" through it, instead of spending time erasing it completely.
5. Organize your answers as clearly and neatly as possible, showing the steps you took to reach your solution. If the faculty consultants cannot easily follow your reasoning, you are less likely to receive credit for it.
6. Many free-response questions are divided into parts such as a, b, c, and d, with each part calling for a different response. Credit for each part is awarded independently, so you should attempt to solve each part. For example, you may receive no credit for your answer to Part a, but still receive full credit for Part b, c, or d. If the answer to a later part of a question depends on the answer to an earlier part, you may still be able to receive full credit for the later part, even if that earlier answer is wrong.
7. It is not necessary to simplify all numerical expressions or to carry out all numerical calculations. You will generally receive most, if not full, credit for answers that contain expressions like sin 40° or ln 2, or that contain symbols for irrational numbers.
8. It is important to pay attention to units for quantities that have them. If you keep track of units as you do calculations, it can help you express your answers in terms of the proper units. It is possible to lose points if the units are wrong or are missing from the answer.
PART I
HUMANS AND SUSTAINABILITY: AN OVERVIEW
CHAPTER 1
ENVIRONMENTAL PROBLEMS, THEIR CAUSES, AND SUSTAINABILITY
1. Define exponential growth. Describe the connection between exponential growth and environmental problems.
2. Distinguish between solar capital and natural capital. Evaluate the significance of these forms of capital in the development of human societies.
3. Distinguish between living on principal and living on interest. Analyze which of these behaviors humans are currently illustrating. Evaluate the possibility of continuing to live in our current style.
4. Define globalization. What factors affect globalization? Summarize the advantages and disadvantages of globalization.
5. Distinguish between developed countries and developing countries. Describe changes in the wealth gap between these groups of countries.
6. Distinguish between the following terms: physically depleted and economically depleted resources; nonrenewable, renewable, and potentially renewable resources; reuse and recycle. Draw a depletion curve. Explain how recycling and reuse affect depletion time.
7. Define sustainable yield. Describe the relationship between sustainable yield and environmental degradation. Describe the tragedy of the commons. Summarize how most environmentalists alleviate this type of tragedy.
8. Distinguish between the following terms: point source of pollution and nonpoint source of pollution; nonpersistent, persistent, and nondegradable pollutants.
