Chapter 19 Review Questions
1. Reviewing the 5 WBCs
2. The formed elements of the blood include: WBCs, RBCs, and platelets
3. Blood temperature is approximately ________, and blood pH averages __________. 38 degrees C, 7.4 pH
4. Plasma contributes approximately _______ percent of the volume of whole blood, and water accounts for ______ percent of the plasma volume. 55 percent, 92 percent
5. Serum is: Plasma minus fibrinogen
6. A hemoglobin molecule is composed of: Four protein chains and four heme groups
7. The process of homeostasis is as follows: Vascular spasm, Platelet phase, Coagulation, Retraction, Fibrinolysis
8. Stem cells responsible for lymphopoiesis are located in: All of the above options, the thymus and
21. The waste product bilirubin is formed from is: Heme.
22. A difference between the A, B, and O blood types and the Rh factor is: Individuals with Rh- do not carry agglutinins to Rh factor unless they have been previously sensitized.
23. How do red blood cells differ from white blood cells in both form and function? RBCs are biconcave discs that lack mitochondria, ribosomes, and nuclei, and they contain a large amount of hemoglobin. RBCs transport oxygen, while WBCs are involved in immunity. The five types of WBCs vary in size from slightly lager to twice the diameter of an RBC, contain a prominent nucleus, and may contain granules with distinct staining properties.
24. How do elements of blood defend against toxins and pathogens in the body? WBCs defend against toxins and pathogens, Neutrophils, eosinophils, and monocytes engulf and digest bacteria, protozoa, fungi, viruses, and cellular debris. Lymphocytes specialize to attack
25. What is the role of blood in the stabilization and maintenance of body temperature? Blood stabilizes and maintains body temperature by absorbing and redistributing the heat produced by active skeletal muscles. Dermal capillaries dilate when body temperature rises, thereby increasing blood flow to