Library and Student Support

Harvard
A guide to referencing

Contents
Section One: Why Reference? ................................................................................. 3 When do you need to give a reference? ............................................................... 3 Why should you reference? .................................................................................. 3 When do you not need to give a reference? ......................................................... 3 Is there a difference between a bibliography and a list of references? ................. 4 Section Two: Handling quotations ............................................................................ 5 Section Three: Compiling a Reference List .............................................................. 7 Books .................................................................................................................... 7 Books with one Author .......................................................................................... 7 Books with two Authors ......................................................................................... 7 Books with three Authors ...................................................................................... 8 Books with more than three Authors ..................................................................... 8 Books with Editors or Compilers ........................................................................... 8 Books without an Author ....................................................................................... 8 Books by an Organisation ..................................................................................... 9 A chapter in an edited work .................................................................................. 9 Several Works by the same Author....................................................................... 9 Multi-volume Books............................................................................................. 10 Electronic books (E-books) ................................................................................. 10 No date? ............................................................................................................. 11 Secondary Reference (an item quoted by another author) ................................. 11 Secondary Reference (an abstract) .................................................................... 11 Journal Articles ................................................................................................... 12 Printed Journal Article ......................................................................................... 12 Journal article from a database ........................................................................... 12 Article from an electronic-only journal ................................................................. 13 Newspaper Articles ............................................................................................. 13 Electronic Sources .............................................................................................. 14 Blogs ............................................................................................................... 14 Podcasts ......................................................................................................... 14 YouTube Video................................................................................................ 14 Websites ......................................................................................................... 14 Film, TV & Radio Broadcasts, DVDs and CDs .................................................... 15 Feature films ....................................................................................................... 15 Television and radio programmes ....................................................................... 15 1

Television